Manufacturer of TU-1C05 thermal wax actuator for thermostatic automatic water drain valve for Latvia Importers

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Blast Furnace

Modern furnaces are equipped with an array of supporting facilities to increase efficiency, such as ore storage yards where barges are unloaded. The raw materials are transferred to the stockhouse complex by ore bridges, or rail hoppers and ore transfer cars. Rail-mounted scale cars or computer controlled weight hoppers weigh out the various raw materials to yield the desired hot metal and slag chemistry. The raw materials are brought to the top of the blast furnace via a skip car powered by winches or conveyor belts.There are different ways in which the raw materials are charged into the blast furnace. Some blast furnaces use a “double bell” system where two “bells” are used to control the entry of the raw material into the blast furnace. The purpose of the two bells is to minimize the loss of hot gases in the blast furnace. First the raw materials are emptied into the upper or small bell. The bell is then rotated a predetermined amount in order to distribute the charge more accurately. The small bell then opens to empty the charge into the large bell. The small bell then closes, to seal the blast furnace, while the large bell dispenses the charge into the blast furnace.A more recent design is to use a “bell-less” system. These systems use multiple hoppers to contain each raw material, which is then discharged into the blast furnace through valves These valves are more accurate at controlling how much of each constituent is added, as compared to the skip or conveyor system, thereby increasing the efficiency of the furnace. Some of these bell-less systems also implement a chute in order to precisely control where the charge is placed.
The iron making blast furnace itself is built in the form of a tall chimney-like structure lined with refractory brick. Coke, limestone flux, and iron ore (iron oxide) are charged into the top of the furnace in a precise filling order which helps control gas flow and the chemical reactions inside the furnace. Four “uptakes” allow the hot, dirty gas to exit the furnace dome, while “bleeder valves” protect the top of the furnace from sudden gas pressure surges. When plugged, bleeder valves need to be cleaned with a bleeder cleaner. The coarse particles in the gas settle in the “dust catcher” and are dumped into a railroad car or truck for disposal, while the gas itself flows through a venturi scrubber and a gas cooler to reduce the temperature of the cleaned gas.The “casthouse” at the bottom half of the furnace contains the bustle pipe, tuyeres and the equipment for casting the liquid iron and slag. Once a “taphole” is drilled through the refractory clay plug, liquid iron and slag flow down a trough through a “skimmer” opening, separating the iron and slag. Modern, larger blast furnaces may have as many as four tapholes and two casthouses. Once the pig iron and slag has been tapped, the taphole is again plugged with refractory clay.The tuyeres are used to implement a hot blast, which is used to increase the efficiency of the blast furnace. The hot blast is directed into the furnace through water-cooled copper nozzles called tuyeres near the base. The hot blast temperature can be from 900 °C to 1300 °C (1600 °F to 2300 °F) depending on the stove design and condition. The temperatures they deal with may be 2000 °C to 2300 °C (3600 °F to 4200 °F). Oil, tar, natural gas, powdered coal and oxygen can also be injected into the furnace at tuyere level to combine with the coke to release additional energy which is necessary to increase productivity.

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How to do-it yourself instructional on replacing a side-view mirror on a car or light truck with complete inner door panel removal and installation process and discussions on torque and the over-tightening of fasteners.
Transcript provided for the hearing impaired:
OK so the problem is obvious, the driver’s side view mirror is loose at the base. There is a broken mount. So stay tuned, we’ll have a look. you’ve seen the problem, this mirror has a bad wobble in it because of a broken mount. we’re going to, with a small handful of tools, remove the inside door panel and pull off the mirror, there’s a little screw holds on that tray and another screw in here going to slip my little screwdriver in underneath, pry up on it, underneath there are a couple of hex headed screws remove with this little socket wrench. going to leave it hanging like that because I’m not going to disconnect components simply lifting the door panel off and let it hang get into this area. the only specialized tool you need made by Lisle. make your own need a piece of flat bar, cut a little groove in it bend the end of it. here’s the diagram General Motors suggests your tool should look like. we start at the bottom, work your way in get the door panel off. last thing is a channel hooking into the door frame. need to be able to pop upwards and it’s free. drop that through. little fellow comes in behind and pops free out used to cover access ports. pull them out carefully get in behind it with a screwdriver and chase it out through the front. 10mm socket. problem with a recess is I’m afraid to drop the nut inside the door panel. instead of undoing them all the way then I reach inside with my mechanical fingers… undo it the rest of the way with sure grip on the nut. And the mirror pulls away. there’s an electrical connection. Pull back locking tab and it pulls apart. there’s three studs third one’s broken. service manual calls for 53 lb.in. show you on this wheel nut that you can easily put 53lb.ft. on with just one hand. a foot pound is 12 inch pounds so it’s twelve times the power require on these little nuts. dialled in 53lb.ft.. I just wanted to show you how easy it is to make that kind of power never mind the 53lb.in., all you need to hang mirror. make some power. I was only a foot out rather than the actual full 18″… you see that? I don’t turn at all and it’s already saying 53lb.ft. make 53 lb.ft. just one hand and only twelve inches leverage. weather’s changed hope there’s enough light. get started by peeling off the tape. work with the window open, I’m working through window for your benefit.. touched up the paint where it’s been worn off by mirror. parts dealer she was able to pick it off the shelf in minutes. don’t live in a metropolitan area you might not be as lucky, wait a week or two… local scrap yard see if they’ve got it half the price a new one. electrical connection to go through I’m going to limit the amount of torque that I put behind this nut to ¼” socket wrench. got my nut loaded and it’s in place with a bit of shop towel. find the stud. certain that’s started now pull this off get the shop towel out of there and put this back on and spin it. all 3 nuts in place we can torque them down to spec. limit the torque I apply by using a ¼” socket wrench and choking half way up on it there’s 40lb.in. and a zero we want to go to 53 don’t know if you can see there’s 50, 11, 12, 13, 40 and 13 is 53. torque these down you want to you want to bring all the bolts snug before you try and apply the torque developed a feel for it know spring about to jump. 1st one. 2nd. all three. letting go with this hand in order that it doesn’t interfere with the torque I’m applying with this hand doing it with two fingers of pressure. some things can’t take a lot of power you can make a lot of power no matter how small you think you are no matter how weak you might believe you’re very strong compared to small fasteners and it’s very easy to break them. foam bushings used for soundproofing. There’s 1, 2, 3 they’re just plugs cover the access port. body panel plugs I was mentioning. hang in little bracket/keepers on the inside panel they’re all barbed and have pointed tips why you need that curved tool –get in behind it and it pops out. little hook, like that kind of deal . hook it into the door-panel right onto the steel inner door skin. pass this through there work on hooking that into the door.. Find keepers. little plastic piece holds door handle release and the actuator for the door lock. little keyhole type slot and lock actuator this rod and its got to be lined up. have both the actuator and the control both in the unlocked position. find neutral position work your way on from corner and snap drop a screw in behind there and we’re done. last thing is hang convex “spotter” mirror on the outside lower corner I don’t care what size vehicle you’ve got — even a motorcycle — you want convex mirrors on both sides.